BARDEEN, SHOCKLEY AND BRATTAIN REPLACE
THE PROBLEMATIC VALVE TRIODE.
Metal contacts are separately by an insulator pressing onto germanium. itself
supported by a metal plate
The development of the transistor was one of the true
landmark inventions of the twentieth century, before their existence, almost
all electronic circuits made use of cumbersome and unreliable valves, because
the controlled output is higher than controlled input a transistor can amplify
a signals .
The transistor was developed in the United States at the bell
telephone laboratories in New Jersey. Scientist john Bardeen (1908-1991), William
Shockley (1910-1989), and Walter Brattain (1902-1987) were researching the behavior
and suitability of germanium crystals for use as semiconductor that could
replace valves diodes. When this was successfully achieved, the same group
turned their attention to the considerably more demanding task of creating a
solid state germanium triode one that could replace the ubiquitous valve equivalents
.since its development and evolution during the early years of twentieth
century, the valve triode had been at very high heart of every piece of electronic
equipment .however , valves consumed large amount of power, created a sometime
unacceptable level of heat, and like the electric light bulb from which they
evolved, they had a short lifespan.
On December 16, 1947 Bardeen, Shockley, and Brattain created
the first transistor so named from” tans” of transmitter and “Sistor’ from
resistor. A week later they gave their first public demonstration: December 23,
1947, is usually cited as birthday of the transistor. The transistor was tiny,
consumed very little power, and gave off no heat whatsoever. It was also
supremely predictable in its behavior. Within a decade, valve technology In
most commercial application was rendered all but obsolete.
It is used to regulate the current and or voltage flow and
act as gate or switch for electronic signals. usually it consist of three layer
of semiconductor each capable for carrying the current. It is the basic element
in integrated circuit
“Brattain decided to
try dunking the entire apparatus into a tub of water apparatus into a tub of
water. It worked …a little bit”
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